Integrated Crop Management (ICM) represents the evolution of agronomy from a collection of isolated tasks into a high-precision, data-driven system. In the context of Sri Lankan paddy cultivation—where land fragmentation and climate volatility pose significant risks—ICM serves as a strategic framework to maximize Resource Use Efficiency (RUE). Unlike traditional "Fixed-Schedule" farming, ICM is a responsive system. It dictates that every intervention—whether chemical, biologi

Agriculture is at the forefront of climate change. Unpredictable weather, extreme events such as droughts and floods, shifting pest and disease patterns, and degraded soils are making farming increasingly challenging.